Test Taking Strategies for Multiple Choice and Constructed Response

• PSSA Test Taking Strategies for Multiple Choice and Constructed Response
  
• Prepare Physically and Mentally
• Be Physically Ready
  • Get a good night’s sleep before the test. This should take priority over entertainment options.
  • The morning of the test, eat a breakfast that includes protein: eggs, bacon, peanut butter, cheese, yogurt, tofu, etc.
  • BE ON TIME.
  • Stretch during testing breaks .
• Be Mentally Prepared
  • Being nervous or not caring, ruins your performance.
  • Remember, the passages
  • were not chosen to entertain you.
  • Keep yourself engaged through
  • active reading, highlighting, and
  • writing margin notes.
  • Be competitive with the test
  • makers, not intimidated by them.
• The PSSA Format
  • Knowing the test’s design can help you strategically.
  • There are 6 tests on this year’s PSSA:
  • 3 Math
  • 3 Reading
  • You will alternate, starting with Math.
  • On the 3 Reading sections, you will answer a total of:
  • 66 Multiple Choice Questions
  • 6 constructed Response Questions
• Before Reading Strategies
  • The test is on your desk.
  • What do you do now?
• Open the Proper Mental “Files”
  • When you are told to start, scan the test section you are working on.
  • Think of the test as several small jobs - not one big one.
  • Identify the type of reading, writing, science, or math you will be answering questions about. Get your head into the right mindset.
• Scavenger Hunt
  • Read the questions before reading the passage. Save time and do not read the answer choices.
  • Highlight key words in each question such as: “main idea,” “compare,” or “in the beginning of the passage…”.
  • Also highlight any unusual words or words you are unsure of. You can try to use context clues from the reading passage or the answer choices to determine the meaning later.
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• Constructed Response
  • Read the constructed response prompt or “essay” question before you start reading the passage.
  • Highlight or underline things you are asked to do, statements like:
  • Explain the main idea...
  • Describe the character...
  • Use 3 examples from the passage...
  • Keep the prompt in the back of your mind while you are reading.
  • During reading, you can mark places in the passage that you could use in your response.
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• During Reading Strategies
• Active Reading Strategies
  • Always read the text in the box at the top of the first page and any footnote. The main idea and more are often stated in the box, and the genre or source is often revealed in the footnote.
  • Read in chunks , stopping frequently to self-check comprehension. Ask yourself, “What is happening in this part?”
  • Silently restate the main idea/ key point in your mind.
  • If you can’t restate it, REREAD IT until you can. This way you’ll catch where you stopped understanding, and you’ll be more willing to reread a chunk than the whole piece.
  • Label it . Highlight or make a margin note of the main idea/ key point . This will help you locate relevant parts of the passage when you’re answering the questions, including the constructed response.
• Highlighting Strategies
  • We all know to highlight what’s important as we read,
  • but what is important?
  • highlight only main ideas/key points and text that match the questions.
  • highlight any sentence that contains
  • the unusual words that you highlighted in the
  • questions. The answer is probably right there.
  • don’t worry about vocabulary words; they will
  • already be underlined in the text.
  • Highlight areas that address questions regarding
  • main idea , theme , conflict , character traits , etc. and make
  • notes in the margins.
  • Caution: Too much highlighting defeats the purpose of
  • highlighting.
• Main idea clue Genre He’s for cell phones 1 st reason = safety 2 nd reason = simplify life for everyone #3 Shaky…pics can Help with vandalism #4 Fla did it. Concl. the times Are changing
• Against cells Reason #1= fisrupt class & kids forget to turn off #2 Shaky-May cause danger #3 Cheating Conc= No for safety and learning env.
• After Reading Strategies
• First of all...
  • DON’T TRUST YOUR MEMORY.
  • GO BACK TO THE TEXT .
  • It’s not cheating; you have the time, and why else did you highlight?
• Pretend It’s Not Multiple Choice
  • Cover the answers and read the question to see if you can answer it on your own.
  • Now, read ALL of the answer choices .
  • See if any of the choices match your prediction.
  • If your prediction isn’t one of the choices, reread the question; you may have misread.
  • Double check your answer by going back to the text for evidence.
• Where’s the Answer? Sometimes it’s just a matter of knowing where to look.
  • In the text: Some questions are “right there” on the page. To find these literal questions, simply go back to the text. If you’ve highlighted text that matches the questions, the answer might be staring right at you .
  • Between me and the text: Even if the
  • question isn’t literal, support or evidence for your
  • inference is in the text. Go to the section that relates
  • to that question to make a supportable inference.
  • Main ideas of a passage are usually
  • found in the first paragraph of informational
  • texts. Look there and in the title for stated
  • or implied main ideas .
  • To find the theme , reread the end
  • of the passage, and ask yourself, “What
  • lesson was taught?”
• Eliminate Distracters Increase Your Odds
  • If more than one choice seems true, then one of them doesn’t answer that specific question. Reread the stem to see which to eliminate.
  • If two answers are opposites, one is often the correct answer .
  • Fact Check. Read each answer, and check it in the passage.
  • Cross out those that are obviously wrong – if any.
  • Some answers are partially true. If any part of the answer is false,
  • eliminate it.
  • For vocabulary , substitute each answer choice for the word in
  • the passage to narrow your options .
  • Rephrase the question: “In other words, what I’m looking for
  • is...”
  • Go back to the section that relates to the question .
• I’ve Tried All That And Still Don’t Have A Clue
  • If you cannot figure out the answer by using the text and strategies within a few minutes, go with your first impression. Don’t leave it blank . You run the risk of incorrectly numbering the rest of the test.
  • Circle the questions you’re unsure of,
  • even though you’ve answered them. Go
  • back when you’re done with the section
  • and take a fresh look. Sometimes,
  • later questions help to answer earlier
  • ones.
  • Research shows that first instincts are
  • often correct, but we tend to second
  • guess ourselves.
• Go There Highlighted Go there! Go There and Read context. Substitute each Eliminate those that Don’t match text.
• 2 possible answers! If you don’t know what 1 st person POV is good for, you won’t get this one. Find the one that recognizes the other side
• This is an author’s purpose. The answer has to apply to BOTH
• • Bubbling Advice
  • A dull pencil works best ; it’s faster and does not snap off or tear the paper.
  • DO NOT press so hard that you can’t completely erase the bubble.
  • Make sure that the center of the bubble is filled in; the scanner reads from the center of the bubble.
  • Erase all stray marks and smudges. They may be read as answers.
• Review = Damage Control
  • Go back to make sure that you’ve answered all of the questions.
  • Erase all stray marks and smudges. Scanners read from left to right and stop at the first answer; they may read a stray mark or smudge as your answer!
  • If you have extra or too few answer lines, there is a big problem. Most of your answers will be wrong unless you:
  • Locate the skipped line or answer.
  • Erase thoroughly.
  • Recopy your answers.
• Remember :
  • The multiple choice section counts for the majority of your score.
  • Careless errors, skipped questions, and smudges can be very damaging.
  • The difference between basic and proficient boils down to missing just one less question!
• The Constructed Response
  • Give them what they want!
• The Constructed Response
  • The most important thing to know is that your comprehension is what’s being evaluated not the quality of writing.
  • You must answer all parts of the question .
  • You must include the right number of specific details from the text to support your answer.
  • You must tell why your text details support your answer.
  • You should not include things that have little to do with the passage, like your personal experiences, unless they tie DIRECTLY to the question.
• Writing Your Constructed Response Essay
  • Step 2: Planning
  • You will be given scratch paper during the PSSA, but you will NOT be told what to do with it. That’s up to you.
  • You should automatically think:
  Graphic Organizer
  • Decide what works best for
  • your ideas.
• Writing Your Constructed Response Essay
  • Step 4: Completing the Response
  • Transfer your response from your scratch paper to the test booklet when you feel that it answers the prompt completely.
  • Use your best writing skills even though your writing ability is not being scored on the PSSA Reading test.
  • Express your ideas using vocabulary with which you are most familiar . Simple clearly explained ideas are the best.
  • Do NOT copy directly from the reading selection. This is not the answer they are looking for. Your own words must create the response.
• The word that I would use to describe both the student and the school representative is logical. An example of the student being logical is that he said that cell phones are needed for safety. A parent might need to get in touch with a child in an emergency. The school representative is also logical when he says that cell phones ringing in class will cause disruptions since kids will forget to turn them off. Use the words In the prompt to Form your topic Sentence. Example of logic from 1 st one Example of logic from 2nd one